你我都可以是自我傷害防治守門人 HELP PREVENT SUICIDE TOGETHER

 

你我都可以是自我傷害防治守門人
Help Prevent Suicide Together

撰文者：銘傳大學諮商輔導中心

譯者：銘傳大學 翻譯小組

 

任何人都能夠成為自我傷害防治的守門人，當自我傷害行為出現前，個案可能會透過談話和行動透露其身處於絕望，因此也必須審慎看待此警訊。經由「1問、2應、3轉介」，運用傾聽與陪伴的力量，適時幫助周遭正處情緒低落的親朋好友，轉介專業資源及時介入。

Anyone can be a gatekeeper against self-harm behaviors. Before self-harm behavior occurs, individuals may reveal their depression through words and actions, so these warnings must be handled with care. Through the formula of “1 question, 2 response, 3 referral”, use the power of timely listening and companionship to help relatives and friends who are suffering from depression, and refer them to professional resources for timely intervention.

 

1問

1 question

透過詢問關懷做為開端，讓對方有訴說和陳述的機會。問的重點在於讓對方能有機會陳述、傾訴，而非急於回應或打斷對方，甚至也避免積極回應和灌輸正向思考。詢問關懷的地點也盡量選擇隱密性足夠，且能讓他人感到安心談話的空間和環境。

Start a conversation by inquiring with care to give the other person the opportunity to speak. The point of asking is to give the other party the opportunity to speak; do not rush to respond or interrupt them, and avoid overly positive responses or trying to instill positive thinking. Try to choose a place that is private enough and allows others to feel comfortable talking.

同時避免直接、尖銳或開玩笑的字句，例如”你該不會想去死？”、”為什麼會想不開？”、有什麼好煩惱？，等類似否定與回應直接的字句，轉以間接的問句，例如”你是否希望一睡覺不再醒來？“、”你是否覺得活著沒意義價值，也沒有人在乎？”、”你是否常對生命有絕望的感覺？”，類似較為中性的問句，提高對方傾訴的意願，同時也避免向對方發誓保守秘密，爭辯自我傷害的對錯。

Avoid direct, sharp, or joking words, such as “You aren’t thinking you want to die?”, “Why do you take things so seriously?”, What’s the big deal?, and other responses that deny their feelings or are too direct. Instead, try using indirect questions, such as “Do you want to go to sleep and never wake up again?”, “Do you feel that life has no meaning or value and no one cares?”, “Do you often feel hopeless about life?” Using a more neutral question improves the other party’s willingness to talk. Avoid promising the other party to keep his/her secrets and avoid arguing about the right and wrong of harming oneself.

 

2應

2 response

經由適當的回應，以陪伴和支持為原則。身處於自我傷害意念者，或許生活中已不乏遭到否定和失落，因此讓對方有機會闡述、訴說心事，可達到減緩部分高張情緒，並佐以平穩的語氣，非評斷的接納態度作為回應技巧。

Proceed with appropriate responses and the principles of companionship and support. Those who have a mind to harm themselves may have been repudiated and feel lost in their lives. Therefore, allowing the other party to have the opportunity to express themselves can help them to release some emotions. Use the response skills of a calm tone and a non-judgmental attitude.

自我傷害的動機並非問題的主因，決定自我傷害的背後，可能存有許多生活的痛苦難以解決，以致決定透過自我傷害脫離痛苦。因此傾聽與回應對方目前所處的痛苦，為談話之重點，而並非爭辯和追究於為何對方要選擇一走了之。因此回應過程也避免質問與激動的字句，或急於打斷對方，並在談話中注入希望感，讓對方試圖想起一絲生命的意義。

A motivation to self-harm is not the main root of the problem. Behind the decision of self-harm, there may be lots of difficulties in someone’s life that are difficult to overcome, so they hope to get escape the pain through self-harm. Listening to and responding to the pain that the other party is in is the focus of the conversation, not arguing and investigating why the other party is choosing to consider suicide. Therefore, avoid questioning and agitating phrases, or rushing to interrupt the other party throughout the response process. Rather, try to inject hope into the conversation, leading the other party consider the meaning and value of life.

 

3 轉介

3 referral

擔任一位自我傷害守門人，不代表必須承接對方情緒是否會好轉的成敗，故適時鼓勵對方接受專業轉介，是有其必要性。當對方的狀態已明顯超出自己所能負荷範圍時，可適時詢問專業資源，例如醫療院所的身心科門診、身心科診所、自殺防治免費安心專線1925，或本校諮商輔導中心，皆能給予專業建議與協助，而並非孤立無援。若親朋好友對於尋求專業資源有些疑慮時，可陪伴親朋好友前往求助，以減緩對方的焦慮與不安，或是提供公開的網路資源，如心情溫度計等評估量表，讓對方透過客觀的評估量表得知目前情緒狀況，佐以相關專業精神醫療與疾病知識，增加親朋好友求助意願。

Being a gatekeeper against self-harm behaviors does not mean that you must bear the results of whether the other party’s mood will improve or not. It is necessary to encourage the other party to accept professional referrals in a timely manner. When the other party’s condition has obviously exceeded what you can personally handle, you can request professional resources, such as the mental health outpatient service of medical institutions, a mental health clinic, suicide prevention hotline 1925, or the university’s Counseling Center, for timely professional advice and assistance and letting the depressed party know they are not alone. If your relatives and friends have some doubts about seeking professional resources, you can accompany them to help relieve their anxiety or provide them with online resources, such as mood thermometers or other measurement tools, so that the other party can know their current emotional state and obtain relevant professional knowledge of mental health care and diseases to increase their willingness to seek help.

 

相關資訊連結：

1.搭配自我傷害防治之影片與相關資訊，以提升心理健康知識，成為自我傷害防治守門人。

Improve mental health knowledge and become a self-harm prevention gatekeeper with the following prevention videos and related information:

2.其他推薦資訊：Other resources: